Matrix reasoning: how matrix puzzles work
Updated 31 October 2026
A matrix puzzle shows a grid of shapes with one missing. You find the rules that link the shapes, then pick the piece that completes the grid. It’s one of the most widely used formats in non-verbal IQ tests.
How a matrix puzzle works
Most matrices are 3×3 grids. Each row, and often each column, follows the same hidden rules. The last cell is empty, and you choose the answer from a set of options. You don’t need words or school knowledge, only reasoning.
Rules you’ll often meet
| Rule | What happens |
|---|---|
| Progression | Something grows, shrinks or moves step by step |
| Rotation | A shape turns by the same angle each time |
| Counting | The number of elements goes up or down |
| Combining | Two cells add up, or overlap, to make the third |
| Three of each | Each row has the same three shapes, in a different order |
| Several at once | Two or more rules work together, one for each feature |
Tips to solve them
- Look at one feature at a time: shape, number, size, position, rotation.
- Check the rows first, then the columns.
- Try to picture the answer before you look at the options.
- Rule out the options that break a rule, then compare what’s left.
- Check your answer against every row, not just the last one.
- On a timed test, don’t spend too long on a single puzzle.
Does practice raise your score?
A little. Getting used to the format can add a few points, but that’s familiarity, not more intelligence. For the most honest estimate, take a test once, rested and without distractions. More in can you increase your IQ?
Quick answers
- Are matrix puzzles a good measure of intelligence? They’re one of the most widely used measures of reasoning. On their own, though, they give a narrower picture than a full IQ test.
- Is there a trick? No single trick: the rules change from puzzle to puzzle. A calm, step-by-step method works best.
- Does UNIQUE use matrices? Yes, only: 64 matrices that adapt to your level.
Find out your score
UNIQUE is a non-verbal IQ test: 64 matrices that adapt to your level. Taking it is free; you pay only to see your result.